Z scores < 1.96 (N = 244)

Z scores > 1.96 (N = 20)

t-test for Equality of Means

M  SD

M  SD

t

p value

Dental Self-confidence

16.11 ± 5.87

14.64 ± 7.55

0.78

0.433

Social Impact

12.15 ± 5.51

19.95 ± 9.57

−5.68

0.000

Psychological Impact

12.10 ± 4.93

16.35 ± 7.18

−3.56

0.000

Aestetic Concerns

5.37 ± 3.06

8.25 ± 4.26

−3.91

0.000